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1. Cattle Breeding Policy:
Optimum level of Exotic Blood for
up gradation of breed: -
-
The Exotic inheritance of Jersey
in general in J&K State and Holstein Friesian in the plains of J&K State
shall be maintained between 50 and 62.5 percent level in graded cattle.
-
The graded Bulls used shall be locally selected.
Practice of importing Half-breds’ from tropical agro-climatic conditions
for the temperate agro-climatic conditions of the State should be
stopped.
2. Buffalo Breeding Policy:
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Selective breeding by using superior
sires available locally. For realizing this we need to screen a large
number of Buffalo Bulls with accurate information on their
breeding values and use the best one so that reasonable selection
intensity can be achieved.
-
Use of Frozen Semen of the selected
sires of elite herds of Murrah/ Nilli-Ravi breeds maintained in the
farms of Central Buffalo Research Institute Hissar, (Haryana)/ Naba
(Punjab). Since the semen of these animals will be from different
Agro-climatic areas, it is imperative to study the performance of
different grades before formulating final breeding Policy.
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Of these two options, quick dividends
are expected from the second one because ‘within breed selection’, (i.e.
first option) will have low rate of genetic improvement per year.
3. Breeding Policy for Yak
4.
Breeding Policy for Equines
Pure Breeding should be adopted especially
in Zanskari Breed. However, in the areas where Horses are used for draft
purpose, along the side of pure breeding of Horse, interspecies breeding
with Ass will form the important aspect of Equines breeding policy. In
succinct the breeding policy adopted can
be:
-
Pure Breeding coupled with
selection among Zanskari
Horse.
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In the high land areas where
Horses are still utilized for transport, improvement of non descript
Horses can be taken up with Zanskari Horses.
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Inter species breeding of Horses with
Ass may also be undertaken for improving draft capacity.
5. Policy for Double Humped Camel:
Since the total number of
Double Humped Camel is very less, therefore in situ conservation of
this stock is inevitable. To run the programme of in situ
conservation successfully, the Department of Animal Husbandry must
register all the animals available in Nobra Valley. The registration
should be followed by the pure breeding programme in such a way that the
in-breeding of the stock is avoided.
6. Strengthening of Frozen Semen Banks:
For dissemination of quality germplasm
the utilization of Frozen Semen Technology is indispensable and as such
main thrust needs to be strengthening of existing Frozen Semen Bank with
Liquid Nitrogen Plants and opening of new Semen Banks on Scientific lines
at District levels.
7. Setting up of Nucleus
Breeding Farms
Small open Nucleus Breeding Farms should
be established in Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh regions initially which could
subsequently be extended to other parts of the Agro-Climatic Zone.
8.
Training of Manpower
For sustainable development of cattle in
the State, half-breds and other grades of bulls are essential to be
selected from the locally evolved and raised animals. This aspect of the
breeding programme has essentially to be got evaluated periodically, which
necessitates training of manpower, collection of proper data and
establishment of data bank with respect to performance record of livestock
population.
9. Fodder Production
Genetic improvement augments the potential
of the animals but to harvest it to the full extent balanced nutrition is
imperative, therefore, requirement of sufficient quantity of the fodder
for the animals cannot be ignored. The fodder requirements (on dry matter
basis) of the State stand at around 45 lac Metric Tonnes annually, but the
present availability is only 28.5 lac Metric Tonnes. Therefore, increased
production of fodder is essential to meet the nutritional requirements of
the livestock. Further, the agro-climatic condition of the major portion
of the State also warrants the need of cultivating even additional fodder
that can be dried to hay or stored as silage for lean periods. Further
more with the increasing population of livestock the gap between
requirement and availability is bound to increase. Hence, the efforts
must be made to fill the increasing gap between the demand and supply of
the fodder and for this farmers should be encouraged to go for fodder
production.
10.
The main parameters contained in the Animal Breeding Policy shall be
taken as interim breeding policy of the Jammu and Kashmir State and the
final policy shall be worked out in due course of time.
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